As a large developing country, India’s challenge is to meet its development aspirations in a carbon-constrained world This study, undertaken by the Centre for Study of Science Technology and Policy (CSTEP) uses Sustainable Development (SD) as the overarching framework and aims at equitable access to energy, clean air and water, food, health and livelihoods and economic growth The study connects elements of SD in an integrated bottom-up approach to understand the implications for economy, energy trajectories, emissions and costs