As a developing economy, India has numerous developmental aspirations. How India meets these goals without worsening the climate crisis is at the heart of CSTEP's work. Addressing climate change and enabling a secure and sustainable future for Indian citizens require an overhaul of previous paradigms on development and resource utilisation. This is reflected in our work on developing low-carbon trajectories for development with an emphasis on nature-based solutions.
We are working with state governments across India to build capacity on risk and vulnerability assessments to inform their respective action plans on climate change. The transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy is crucial to achieving a secure and sustainable future. CSTEP's studies explore the possibility of a greater integration of renewables in the energy sector.
Four UN environmental summits fell short in 2024. What happened?
The United Nations’ efforts to address critical environmental challenges hit multiple roadblocks this year, with four key summits — in Colombia on biodiversity, Azerbaijan on climate, Saudi Arabia on land degradation, and South Korea on plastics — failing to deliver meaningful outcomes.
India Plans to Develop Top Grade Bioeconomy
The bioeconomy sector is gaining significant momentum globally. The World Bioeconomy Forum values the sector at approximately $4 trillion with the potential to grow to $30 trillion by 2050. Several economies worldwide increasingly invest in bio-based innovations to address their energy, food security, health, and climate mitigation and adaptation issues. India is one of the front runners in its global bioeconomy growth, with a projected bioeconomy worth $300 billion by 2030.
India’s textile and apparel sector: Understanding the ecosystem and readiness for implementation of extended producer responsibility
The textile and apparel industry, although a major contributor to global trade, is now becoming one of the most polluting industries worldwide. The rise of fast fashion, characterised by high consumption of low-cost, low-quality clothing, has aggravated the sector’s environmental footprint. Globally, around 92 million tonnes of textile waste end up in landfills annually, resulting in the leaching of harmful materials and leaking of valuable resources from the value chain. Alarmingly, only 12%–15% of this waste goes to recycling facilities, of which only 1% is recycled into new clothing.
Climate finance and the Global South: Negotiating a fair future at COP29
At the 29th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP29), India voiced its disappointment at the climate finance announcement of $300 billion annually under the New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG), and rightly so. This goal was
Local action amidst global inertia
After hours of intense negotiations, the 29th Conference of the Parties (COP29) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) ended with a climate finance goal where developed countries are to provide $300 billion annually by 2035. However, this is far from what the developing countries need, and once again brings global climate gridlock into the spotlight.
Why forests matter in climate finance discussions
COP29, the conference touted as the "finance COP," concluded recently in Baku and has shown promise and oversight in its treatment of nature within the climate agenda. The latest estimate of required financing stands at a staggering $1.3 trillion, a sharp contrast to the mere $300 billion pledged under the New Collective Quantitative Goal (NCQG), which remains contentious among many parties, especially the Global South. Moreover, the need, and therefore the estimates, keep increasing year-on-year with minimal mobilisation towards achieving these goals.
With 45 years to go, how sustainable is India’s road to net-zero?
Every year, climate action draws significant attention in the months leading up to the United Nations’ annual meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COPs). But the outcome of the 2024 U.S. presidential election will likely have a greater impact on the planet’s climate future than COP29 itself, illustrating an important challenge in combating climate change: operationalising global cooperation towards a common cause even when national interests don’t align with it.
Budgeting for net zero: Government support needed to meet India’s clean energy goals
The Government of India has set ambitious goals to ramp up a range of clean technologies by 2030 to increase energy independence, security, and access while promoting industrial development and reducing air pollution and GHG emissions. To deliver on these goals, the government has introduced a suite of financial and non-financial support measures. But will these measures be sufficient to reach the goals in full and on time?
District-Level Climate Risk Assessment for India: Mapping Flood and Drought Risks Using IPCC Framework
Climate change is a reality and a formidable challenge globally and in India. Across the world, there has been a rise in extreme climate events such as floods, droughts, and heatwaves. The severity and frequency of these extreme events are projected to escalate in the coming years (IPCC, 2022). These events not only endanger natural ecosystems but also pose substantial risks to human systems. However, it is crucial to recognise that the distribution of the impact of climate change is not equal across the world.
No silver bullet II: Land-use dynamics in India’s net-zero journey
The 'No Silver Bullet' series explores various potential pathways for India’s transition to net-zero emissions, discusses the challenges and constraints, and provides directional insights based on long-term modelling using system dynamics. To complement the findings from cost-optimisation models, simulation modelling based on systems thinking was used to determine the impact of competition for natural (and other) resources and the ensuing non-linear feedback dynamics.