Investigations on the characteristics of air pollution in African regions are fewer compared to other parts of the world. This study presents the temporal characteristics of PM2.5 and PM10 (mass concentration of particulate matter with aerodynamic size less than or equal to 2.5 and 10 microns, respectively) and their ratio (PM2.5/PM10) over Durban, South Africa for the period 2019–2020. The study further explores the satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) and particulate matter (PM) relationship using an advanced statistical model.