Regulatory air pollution monitoring in India is mostly limited to urban areas. Without a dense network of monitors, it is difficult to capture the fine spatial variations of PM2.5, one of the major pollutants with severe implications for human health.

Using satellite-based products to estimate PM2.5 can help generate high-resolution gridded spatial maps at a significantly lower cost. These spatial maps can be useful for policymakers, urban planners and developers, and health researchers. They can also be instrumental in guiding clean air action plan for the city.

Regulatory air pollution monitoring in India is mostly limited to urban areas. Without a dense network of monitors, it is difficult to capture the fine spatial variations of PM2.5, one of the major pollutants with severe implications for human health.

Using satellite-based products to estimate PM2.5 can help generate high-resolution gridded spatial maps at a significantly lower cost. These spatial maps can be useful for policymakers, urban planners and developers, and health researchers. They can also be instrumental in guiding clean air action plan for the city.

Regulatory air pollution monitoring in India is mostly limited to urban areas. Without a dense network of monitors, it is difficult to capture the fine spatial variations of PM2.5, one of the major pollutants with severe implications for human health.

Using satellite-based products to estimate PM2.5 can help generate high-resolution gridded spatial maps at a significantly lower cost. These spatial maps can be useful for policymakers, urban planners and developers, and health researchers. They can also be instrumental in guiding clean air action plan for the city.

Regulatory air pollution monitoring in India is mostly limited to urban areas. Without a dense network of monitors, it is difficult to capture the fine spatial variations of PM2.5, one of the major pollutants with severe implications for human health. Using satellite-based products to estimate PM2.5 can help generate high-resolution gridded spatial maps at a significantly lower cost. However, there are challenges and limitations in converting the satellite columnar aerosol optical depth (AOD) into surface PM2.5.

Urban air pollution is a complex problem, which requires a multi-pronged approach to understand its dynamics. In the current study, various aspects of air pollution over Bengaluru city were studied utilizing simultaneous reference-grade measurements (during the period July 2019 to June 2020) of fine particulate matter mass concentration (PM2.5), aerosol black carbon mass concentrations (BC), and surface ozone (O3) concentrations. The study period mean PM2.5, BC, and O3 were observed to be 26.8±11.5 µg m−3, 5.6±2.8  µg  m−3, and 25.5±12.4  ppb, respectively.

Land degradation as one of the mega drivers of loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services has affected billions globally, resulting in rampant loss of livelihoods and accelerated distress migration. India, one of the land degradation hotspots in Asia, has also been reeling under the impacts of the ongoing climate and pandemic crises, which have seriously imperiled local livelihoods and human well-being.